A regularização do território quilombola de retiro: os desafios para o atingimento do mínimo existencial

Abstract

We observe today that slavery has left remarkable traces in the Brazilian social context. This assertion can be verified, among other things, by the existence of several remanescents of Quilombo communities in Brazil and in the state of Espírito Santo, fighting for their identity and their right to remain in the lands they have occupied for decades. Thus, this research aims to evaluate the difficulties faced by the community of Retiro, located in the district of Barra de Mangaraí Bar, in the city of Santa Leopoldina - ES, to achieve the enforcement of fundamental rights, especially regarding the right to property and the existential minimum, with special attention to fundamental rights to health, education, housing, leisure. In the specific case of the community of Retiro, we verified that the right to property was guaranteed by the state, considering the process of regularization of the lands of that community has been finalized and the Presidential Act has been issued in order to validate it. However, the situation in which the residents of the community of Retiro are, in the moment, denunciate the negligence of the State and the violation of fundamental rights, so we propose legislative amendments to facilitate the protection of such rights to the remaining population of the Quilombos.