A formação da coisa julgada material nas sentenças de carência de ação como fator garantidor da segurança jurídica

Abstract

The presente research has the objective of investigating the possibility of “carência” sentences regarding the effects of res judicata are factors that generate juridic security. For so, it analises actio as a constitutional warranty. Is observes the constitucional prevision of the contents of the right of action to, afterwards, compare it to the conditioned right of action. About this last one, it investigates in wich way it has formated, with the analises of the evolutive theories of the right of action in time. It affirmes the adoption of the Eclectic Theory, that implicated in the ideia of actio in two different levels: constitucional and procedimental. Looking for delimitating the “carência” sentences, the “condições da ação” have their concept exposed and their relation with the merit investigated. The “carência” of actio is, then, confrontated with the concept of constitucional warranty of actio taken before, having its meaning in our juridic sistem clearely defined. The possibility of res judicata in “carência” sentences is investigated, and followed by na anallizes about res judicata. It then talks about juridic safety and its relation with res judicata, to findo ut if the imutability of the “carência” sentence is a factor that garantees juridic safety. To conclude, it analses decisions of the Superior Tribunal de Justiça to verify if the conclusion taken with the research is adopted by the courts.