A governança corporativa e a transparência na gestão das organizações: um estudo de caso das Americanas

Abstract

The present work's macro theme is the study of ESG, an acronym in English for environment, social, and governance, which is characterized by the application of voluntary measures and standards, in addition to those already existing, aiming to protect these and the sustainable development of companies. Through a case study, focusing on corporate governance, that is, one of the elements of ESG, this thesis seeks to delve deeper into a question, until then, little addressed when companies begin the ESG implementation processes, namely the real effectiveness of the implementation of this institute and its principles. In order to establish our thesis, we will use as a case study the famous judicial recovery process of Americanas S. A, which filed this request after confessing to an accounting inconsistency, namely error, or fraud, worth billions of reais, giving rise to the request for judicial recovery. When we analyze this case, we see that the company apparently had the ESG agenda implemented internally, so much so that it currently still ranks 12th in the “Business Sustainability Index (ISE B3)” ranking, compared to 83 companies listed by the Stock Exchange of Brazilian Values, of “model companies” in ESG and sustainable development. Also noteworthy is the fact that the company at the time was classified in the b3 new market category, an important measure of good corporate governance practices. With this comes the need to study the case, a fact in which we need to study techniques that prevent problems of this magnitude from occurring. Therefore, in Chapter I we will delve into the company's history, understand its past and the crisis that is affecting it now. Chapter II will help us understand key concepts for understanding the case, namely: Sustainable development, ESG and its objectives, all elements “E”, “S” and “G” of the agenda, as well as Judicial Recovery as well as Public limited company itself. Finally, the thesis will be confirmed in the sense that the company did not observe the standards of transparency and ethics, since just having the standards and foundations of ESG alone are not capable of guaranteeing its effectiveness, it is necessary to actually put it into practice