A tecnologia Blockchain como mecanismo de credibilidade e transparência do mercado voluntário de crédito de carbono

Abstract

Climate change has put human capacity to live on the planet to the test, demanding increased adaptation actions from various actors, including the private sector. In this context, the question arises: how can blockchain technology contribute to the regulation of the voluntary carbon market? To answer this question, the methodology employed in this research is the hypothetical-deductive approach, using bibliographic and documentary procedures. Thus, this work aims to analyze the potential of blockchain technology in the carbon market, considering the urgency for innovative solutions to the climate crisis and the need to pursue a path of inclusive sustainable development aligned with the principles of equity, social justice, and climate justice. With that being said, the study is divided into three main parts: the first part addresses the international regime on climate change and the carbon market (both regulated and voluntary). The second part explores blockchain technology, including its characteristics and architecture, as well as the role of GreenTechs and LawTechs in climate solutions. The third part examines the application of blockchain in the voluntary carbon credit market and its importance for corporate climate governance. Finally, based on the development of this study, it is possible to conclude that blockchain is capable of ensuring the credibility of carbon credits and promoting the transition to a green, decarbonized economy. In this sense, the need for standardized, reliable, and universal metrics is emphasized, particularly in the context of ESG. Moreover, the tokenization of carbon credits through blockchain can democratize access to emissions trading, improve traceability in supply chains, and influence the adoption of a culture of traceability in companies interested in adding value to the stock market