O sistema de cotas eleitorais de gênero e o princípio da igualdade: uma análise da busca brasileira pela representação política feminina

Abstract

The dissertation aims to verify which are the impeditive elements to materialize the equality principle between men and women working on brazilian elective functions, considering the material ineffectiveness from Electoral System of Quotas from Gender. Is sought to understand the brazilian macho culture, as well as, how the patriarchal western context influenced to women were despoiled from their fundamental rights, consequently, from their electoral representation. It is possible to verify that the origin of opression occurs because of sexual contract, in which the originary politic relation of authority vs. subordination is found. Then, the woman domestication is analyzed, this fact prevented her exercise of fundamental human rights as the right to a paid work and to the suffrage. The beginning of the struggle for liberation and the mean feminist thesis that had the intention to aware the women about social construction over the female identity are exposed, influencing on the arising of a cultural anthropological assumption created for denaturalize this group. Accordingly, the distinction between public and private and the own concept of the gender term used are focused on a denomination of the brazilian public politic. Later, the specific impediments are explained in the national context diagnosing that the current political process does not observe democratic assumptions essential to the exercise of gender equality on representation scope, configuring the Brazil as a “male polyarchy”. Thus, the brazilian feminist movement is analyzed as the resistance for gender equality considering the electoral system to prescribe rules that do not ensure the female representation. Finally, the Electoral System of Quotas from Gender is treated, this one that present itself as substantially ineffective, since your implementation until the 2014 elections, considering that the women occupy 9% of the parliament. It is, therefore, a dissertation about fundamental human rights in which there is, specifically, the gender equality concretion. It supports the necessity of, in addiction to formal reform on the brazilian electoral system, the compatibility of theses advances with the female recognition on the operative arena through otherness.